• br Experimental section br Introduction Fasting hyperglycaem

  2022-02-25

  

  Experimental section Introduction Fasting hyperglycaemia in all forms of diabetes mellitus occurs primarily as a result of upsurge in hepatic glucose synthesis (HGS) [1], [2]. Two specific enzymes, glucokinase (GK) and glucose-6 phosphatase (Glu-6-Pase) play crucial role in hepatic glucose pro

• br Introduction Maintaining blood glucose within an

  2022-02-25

  

  Introduction Maintaining blood glucose within an appropriate range is crucial for survival. In diabetes, those who suffer episodes of severe hypoglycemia have an increased risk of death [1], [2]. The Phosphate Colorimetric Assay Kit receptor is especially dependent on an adequate, continuous sup

• The bFGF induced upregulation of both GR and MR levels

  2022-02-25

  

  The bFGF-induced upregulation of both GR and MR levels observed in our study raises a question regarding whether the simultaneous augmentation of the two receptors has a physiological and/or medical significance. It has been suggested that MR stimulates intracellular signaling pathways to minimize s

• By using pharmacological treatment with CBX or

  2022-02-25

  

  By using pharmacological treatment with CBX or transgenic animals lacking the two major astroglial Cxs, the Double KO mouse, we demonstrated that the gap-FRAP technique was able to detect the total inhibition of GJC with a reduction of about 39% and 38% compared to control, respectively. The residua

• neither In conclusion our results showed that FFAR can

  2022-02-24

  

  In conclusion, our results showed that FFAR1 can mediate the effect of PIO in attenuating β-cell lipoapoptosis through anti-oxidative stress, which may be related to the activation of the PLCγ-ERK1/2-PPARγ pathway. Our study helps not only to distinguish the role played by FFAR1 in lipotoxicity, but

• Dysregulation of the HPA axis resulting in alteration to bot

  2022-02-24

  

  Dysregulation of the HPA axis, resulting in alteration to both baseline and stress-induced glucocorticoid levels (e.g., cortisol and corticosterone), has been implicated in several diseases and psychopathologies, including anxiety (McEwen et al., 2015, 2016; Shin and Liberzon, 2010). For example, ba

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-02-24

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we demonstrated that, at the level of hREECs, blockade of the ETA receptor partially inhibited the effect of NPY on the secretion of ET-1. This suggests that the secreted ET-1 by NPY contributes, in part, to its own secretion via activ

• Literature review suggests a strong presence of central hist

  2022-02-24

  

  Literature review suggests a strong presence of central histaminergic transmission in the Caspase-3/7 Inhibitor areas targeted by caffeine to induce its behavioral actions. Interestingly, it is reported that caffeine administration increases the histamine neuronal activation and release of histamine

• Several studies have also shown

  2022-02-24

  

  Several studies have also shown that HK2 may be an important downstream ABT-263 of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and may contribute to the development of cancer [15]. In our previous study, we found AKT2 expression was positively correlated with HK2 expression in primary colon cancer specimen

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-02-24

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Liver plays a key role in the metabolism and detoxification of DON (Peng et al., 2017). However, various DON investigations generated inconsistent results, with some showing hepatotoxicity of DON, while others not. For example, one report stated that

• Urinary As species monomethylated MMAV percentage might incr

  2022-02-24

  

  Urinary As species monomethylated (MMAV) percentage might increase and As species dimethylated (DMAV) percentage might decrease with increasing As exposure dosage (Lindberg et al., 2008). The limited methylation capacity associated with increased of As exposure dosage might probably explained throug

• Targeting MCTs is likely to

  2022-02-24

  

  Targeting MCTs is likely to have dramatic effects on lactate-dependent metabolic symbiosis described in the previous paragraphs. A plethora of MCT inhibitors have been described, including α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC) [59], organomercurials [60], stilbene disulfonates [60], and other second-gene

• CRT 0066101 It is well known that O tetradecanoylphorbol ace

  2022-02-24

  

  It is well known that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a tumor promoting agent of skin carcinogenesis in rodents [12]. TPA stimulates a variety of cellular functions in cancer cells, including cell motile activity [13], [14]. In our recent study, when liver epithelial cells were treated

• As part of our discovery efforts searching for

  2022-02-24

  

  As part of our discovery efforts searching for small molecule GPR119 agonists, we analyzed active pharmacophores of known agonists from the literature, and found that -methylsulfonylphenyl and substituted 4-hydroxyl piperidine are common fragments. In our initial efforts, we linked these two fragmen

• br Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Althou

  2022-02-23

  

  Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms in diabetic neuropathy, little is known about the nature and extent of mitochondrial damage resulting from chronic hyperglycemia. Mitochondria funct

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